Firecrackers, salutes, fireworks, smoke bombs – all these products are actively used during various celebrations, holidays and on special occasions. Most pyrotechnic products are similar in design to each other, since they consist of a body, a basic composition, an initiator and additional components.
The body of any product performs several functions at once – it protects the projectile from external influences, and also holds the rest of the components in a certain position. For the manufacture of the case, materials such as paper, cardboard, metal, plastic, rubber and others can be used. The body can have various parameters and dimensions, depending on the complexity of the design of the entire product. The simplest design is the shape of a cylinder or cone. A more complex design requires a clay or cardboard plug. The combined type of housing involves the use of special fasteners.
A pyrotechnic composition is a mixture of several substances that, during combustion, create a special effect in the form of an explosion, light or smoke, and the effect can also be combined. The combustion process is associated with chemical reactions that occur between oxidants and basic substances. Combustible materials and oxidants are the main components of the pyrotechnic composition, but there may be additional substances, for example, artificial resins, phlegmatizers, adhesives and others.
Means of initiation, or in other words, flammable parts, are considered a kind of well-known fuse cord. They may differ in the way the projectile is fired. Crackers use the grating method, and stops and ignitors are inherent in projectiles that are initiated by a fire conductive action.
Stopin, in turn, can be divided into fast-burning and slow-burning. The drive of this component is used to transfer a fiery impulse from one pyrotechnic component to another. Some products use a retarder, due to which the fiery impulse is transmitted with a certain delay.
Additional components of pyrotechnic projectiles can perform protective functions, they can also be used to set a certain direction in which a firecracker or firecracker will rotate.